Numerical simulations of directed sandpile models

摘要

Directed sandpile models with different toppling rules are studied by meansof numerical simulations in two dimensions, with the purpose of determining thedifferent universality classes. It is concluded that the random-thresholddirected model is in the same universality of the Manna directed model wheremultiple toppling events plays a determinant role. The BTW model with uniformand noisy driving are found to display the same critical behavior. Moreover itis observed that the Zhang model does not satisfy simple finite size scaling.